Defence Agreement with Quad-member India Threatens to Drag Sri Lanka Further into New Cold War

The Communist Party of Sri Lanka expresses grave concern over the NPP government’s unilateral decision to enter into an opaque defence MOU with Quad-member India.

This decision has been taken without consultation or debate in Parliament and in the context of a New Cold War and heightened militarisationof the Indian Ocean.

During Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit Sri Lanka from 4-6 April, a defence MOU was exchanged between Secretary of the Ministry of Defence of Sri Lanka Retired Air Vice Marshal H.S. Sampath Thuyacontha and Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri.

Indian media has framed this MOU as being part of Indian strategy to counter China’s presence in the region.

President Anura Kumara Dissanayake assured Modi that Sri Lanka, “will not permit its territory to be used in any manner inimical to the security of India as well as towards regional stability”. While the CPSL has no fundamental objection to this, questions remain over India’s own commitment to regional stability.

The fact is that India is a member of the Quad and has partaken in US efforts to contain China in a New Cold War.In 2024, current US Secretary of State Marco Rubio tabled a bill in congress to grant India a status on par with NATO members. During a meeting between Modi and US President Donald Trump in February, India and the US entered into a 10-year defence partnership framework to transfer technology, expand co-production of arms, and strengthen military interoperability.

By entering into defence agreements with India, there is a very real danger of Sri Lanka being dragged into the Quad through the back door as a subordinate of India. Sri Lanka could become a de facto part of the Indo-Pacific Strategy and compromise its non-aligned status. This would be antithetical to Sri Lanka’s interests as China is a major investor and trade partner for the country and has supported our sovereignty in international fora.

Sri Lanka is currently not directly embroiled in any conflict with an external actor and therefore has no need to enter in defence agreements. The last defence agreement that Sri Lanka entered into was with the UK-Ceylon Defence Pact (1947-1957), which was a neocolonial arrangement detrimental to Sri Lanka’s sovereignty andinternational relations.

The defence MOU with India could also be interpreted as a step towards further militarisation of the Indian Ocean, which is a violation of the UN Declaration of the Indian Ocean as a Zone of Peace which both countries supported.

The CPSL urges:

1. All democratic and progressive forces to pressure the government to reveal the contents of the defence agreement with India.
2. All democratic and progressive forces to build a United Front against the New Cold War.
3. The NPP government to revive the Indian Ocean Peace Zone proposal at the UN and mobilise global opposition to militarisation in the region.

NO TO OPAQUE DEFENCE AGREEMENTS! 

NO TO MILITARISATION OF THE INDIAN OCEAN! 

NO TO IMPERIALIST WARS!

International Department

9 April 2025