25th Party Congress of Communist Party of India

September 21 to 25, 2025

S. Sudhakar Reddy Nagar, Chandigarh, Punjab

Press Release

25^th Party Congress of Communist Party of India (CPI) adopted the following resolutions today (24^th September, 2025)

1. Resolution Indian Federalism under Threat 

India is basically a federal state, having in its constitution the separation of powers between the Union and the State Government. The seventh schedule of the constitution divides the legislative judiciary and executive powers and responsibilities among the Union Government and State Governments. In the 1973 Kesavananda Bharathi Case, the 13 member Constitution bench evolved the Basic Structure doctrine which cannot be amended under Article 368 by the Parliament, includes Federalism also. But now under the BJP regime Indian Federalism is under threat, as the Sangh Parivar leadership does not accept the federal principles. 

The tax devolution under Article 280 ensures the fiscal federalism which promotes financial autonomy of the state and provide resources to meet the service needs of the States. The 14th Finance Commission (2015-20) recommended for 42% share of the central divisible pool to the states. The 15th Finance Commission decreased it to 41% and the present 16th Finance Commission headed by Aravind Panagiriya recommended for a further decrease in the divisive pool, as such the share of the stands at 40%. 

At the same time, as the Indian constitution envisages the devolution of taxes, to avoid the devolution the Union Government is increasing the Cess and Surcharges levied by the Union Govt. In 2010-11 the share of surcharge and Cess were only 10.4% but in 2021-22 it is increased to 20% and now it stands at  23.43%.  This help the Union Govt. to take away the revenue to their pocket and to avoid the finance devolution and thus financially destabilize the State govts. 

Union govt. declares many Centrally sponsored schemes for the States. But now under the Modi regime, the Union Govt. is decreasing their contribution to the ongoing Schemes unilateral,  which adversely affect the schemes and at the same time enhances the financial burden of the States. 

The Union Govt occasionally but purposefully encroaches the powers delegated to State Government as per the 7th schedule of the Constitution of India. Co-operation is an item enlisted in the state list in the above schedule, but at the expense of the multi- state co-operatives, the Union Government formulated a co-operation portfolio in the Union cabinet and they are continuously persuading the State co-operatives to come under their umbrella so that they will help the State financially. Even though the Supreme Court declared the formulation of the portfolio unconstitutional, they are going forward by disregarding the verdict. Imposing of single language system is also used by the Union Government to sabotage the federal system. Labour is in concurrent but four Labour Codes formulated by the Union Government is being forced to implement by all the states. By all these unilateral measures of the Union Govt. Which make financial crisis in States and thus the fiscal federalism is in peril. 

Further the Union Government politically instrumentalises the Post of Governor to sabotage  the non BJP ruled States. The constitution of India and the Supreme Court in various occasions clarified that except in the spheres where the governor is to act in his discretion, the Governor acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers in the exercise of his powers and functions, and is not required to act personally against such aid and advice. But in non BJP ruled states especially in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and West Bengal the Governors who act only for and on behalf of the Union government is evading his responsibility to give assent to the bills passed by the State Legislature. The enormous and irrational delay caused litigation in the Supreme Court also. The Union Government is forcing the Governor to act and run a parallel government system to the elected State government. This will also impair the smooth functioning of a democratic federal republic. We the CPI is for the abolition of Governorship. 

Hence the 25th Party Congress of the CPI expresses its grave concern and urges the Party to organize mass struggles movements and campaigns alongwith other Left, Democratic and Regional parties to save the federal structure of the Nation.

2. Resolution against Privatisation of Defence  Production at the cost of National Security and Self Reliance of our Country 

The 25th Congress of the Communist Party of India being held at Chandigarh from the  21st – 25th September, 2025 has taken a very serious note of the policies being implemented by the  BJP led  NDA Government in the field of Defence Production and Defence preparedness of our country.    Post Independence the successive  Governments after  the bitter experience in the  China   border during the 1960s  realised the importance of achieving self  reliance in  Defence Production for the Defence preparedness of our country, started giving the thrust  for indigenisation of Defence Production especially   in establishing   Research and development in the field of Defence. The then Socialist country USSR extended a great support to India in this regard establishing the Defence Research and Development organisation, new  Ordnance  Factories and Defence Public sector  Industries. These Government owned Defence Industries  played a vital role in all the Wars India won including  the Bangladesh liberation war, the Kargil war and  latest operation Sindoor. 

The Privatisation Policy being aggressively followed by the present BJP led NDA government  has not spared the Defence Industry also. Friends  of the present government Adani, Ambani and other corporates started claiming a major share of the  defence  procurement  budget  which is at present about Rs. 1,80,000 crore which is 26.43%  of the total defence budget of Rs. 6,81,210.27 crore for the financial year 2025-26. The BJP government has raised  the cap on FDI  in  defence to 100 % and also announced the policy of total privatisation in defence R & D  and Defence Production and started issuing  licences  to the private sector to manufacture Arms and Ammunition, etc.  Defence Corridors  are established by allotting thousands of acres of lands in Tamilnadu, Karnataka, and Uttar Pradesh for establishing private defence manufacturing  industries. Adani has already established a major defence equipments manufacturing complex  near Kanpur in U.P. All these  are at the cost of the government owned defence industries.  The 41 Ordnance Factories are splintered  into 7 non viable corporations   forcing them to compete with private sector  and not providing work to them.  Ultimately the motive of the government is either to close down the Ordnance Factories or to privatise them in due course.  25% of the defence R & D  budget is allotted to the private sector and the doors of the DRDO laboratories  are opened to the private sector  to utilise the facilities developed by the tax payers money. Intention of the government is to convert our peace loving country into an Arms markets. There are reports that India has supplied arms and ammunition to Ukraine indirectly through unknown sources. 

In the name of “Make in India” the entire defence production activities are being handed over to Private Corporates. This drift in policy will have serious impact on the Defence preparedness  of our country and the  Armed Forces will be forced  to depend on these profit  minting private corporates for their requirements to defend  the border of the country.   More over there is a danger of leaking the information regarding defence preparedness to the enemy countries. 

The 25th Congress of the CPI condemns the Defence Production Policy being followed by the BJP government which will have a serious threat on the security and defence preparedness of our country.  The CPI urges upon the Government of India to withdraw its defence Privatisation Policy and to strengthen, expand and develop the government owned defence industry to achieve  self reliance in defence in its true perspective.

3. Resolution against privatization of Visakhapatnam Steel Plant 

Visakhapatnam Steel Plant is a Navaratna Public Sector Undertaking (7.2 MT capacity), which was built with the sacrifice of 32 lives and resignation of MPs and MLAs of the united Andhra Pradesh. It is a symbol of national pride and self-reliance.

The plant has consistently contributed over 50 thousand crores to India's GDP. It directly and indirectly provides employment to lakhs of families. And has driven the local economy. 

The Central Government announced 100% strategic sale of RNL on 27-1-2021. From there, the government first took steps like stopping raw materials and reducing production levels. Later, employees were laid off in the name of VARIs. About 5000 contract workers were also laid off. Even regular employees have been paid their salaries partially for the last six months.  Interested parties have already been called to give 34 sections to private (TMC and EoI) Economic progress through comprehensive development of Visakhapatnam. 

After the bifurcation of the state, the only big city left to us is Visakhapatnam. The city itself has become a small district in the changes in districts. It has a population of more than 26 lakh people. However, there is no development to that extent. Except for the name of the state's financial capital, the truth about it has been made like ghee in a neti beer. 

The pieces are moving fast for the privatization of steel plants in the public sector. The alliance has exposed its deceitful attitude after coming to power. Even after a year, no clear plans have been formulated for the development of Visakhapatnam city. Slums have grown in the heart of the city. Sanitation has become chaotic. People are not getting clean drinking water, steps should be taken to create basic facilities in line with the growing city population. 

There is no progress in the work of Visakhapatnam Railway Zone.  The ambiguity over Waltair division, the property dispute between East Coast and South Central Railways, and the allocation of employees should be resolved and the zone operations should be started on a war footing with Rs. 9,138 crore. 

The poor who do not have a nest in the city should be identified and houses should be built on two cents of land immediately. 

Thousands of TIDCO houses are lying vacant around the city and infrastructure should be provided there immediately. 

Visakhapatnam, which has many opportunities for the development of the IT sector, is being neglected. Some companies that have come to exploit hundreds of acres are cheating without starting their operations. The same is happening under the coalition government. A special policy should be formulated for the IT sector in Visakhapatnam and it should be developed with solid plans. 

Law and order in Visakhapatnam is deteriorating day by day. Crime is increasing, murders and atrocities against women have increased. The CPI should solve these problems and prepare for struggles for the comprehensive development of Visakhapatnam.  We request that the proposed resolution be strengthened to this extent.

4. Resolution Against Privatization of Power Sector 

The Modi government after coming to power is continuously trying to enact. Electricity (Amendment) Bill with a sole intention to privatize the whole power sector of India. The anti -people, anti -consumers, anti- employees and anti-states legislature was firstly placed in parliament in the year 2014. All CPI, left parties and power sector employees vehemently opposed the bill. Power sector employees and engineers resorted to all India strike in 2014 which compelled the government to withdraw the Bill. 

For the benefits of corporates  Adani,  Ambani, Torrent, Tata, etc the power ministry again placed the bill to parliament in the year 2014, 2018, 2020, 2022.  A.I.T.U.C., Samyukta Kisan Morcha and National Coordination Committee of electricity employees and engineers opposed the bill staging all India level agitation. Hundreds of Kisan Sabha unions, consumers their associations resented and the legislature sent to Standing Committee, without passing in Parliament. 

Support to 295 days continued agitation by Uttar Pradesh Employees 

U.P. power workers and engineers are from 295 days agitating against privatization of Uttaranchal & Dakshinanchal Vidyut Nigam to Goenka Company who has taken over Chandigarh power utility. 

Prepaid smart meters project amounting to Rs. 33 Lacs crore is setup by Modi government for the benefit of Adani power Mumbai, who got more than 50 thousand crore contracts.  Recently the NDA government in Bihar has allotted 1050 acre of land on rent of Rs. 1 to Adani Power at Bhagalpur to install 2400 Megawatt thermal Power Plant - which is enroad privatization in generation also. 

The 25th Congress of Communist Party of India held at Chandigarh from 21st to 25th September 2025 unanimously resolved to oppose the privatization policy of the Modi government and to declare its full support to agitating power workers of Uttar Pradesh and elsewhere in states.

5. Resolution for proper implementation of MGNREGA 

The 25th Party Congress of the Communist Party of India held at Chandigarh on September 21 to 25, 2025 has been noted that MGNREGA is the life line for rural workers. It may continue to serve the rural poor as a credible social security mechanism. This is historic legislation which for the first time provided the right to employment for rural workers, gave the right to equal wages for men and women. But the government is weakening of this law unfairly. The Party Congress expresses its anguish over such an attitude of the government. 

Party believes that such weakening of this scheme destroys its demand-based character. The government is continuously reducing the budget for MGNREGA and doesn’t release fund in time, due to which there is delay in payment of wages.  Thereis denial and delay in payment of unemployment allowance also. The wages under MGNREGA are lower than statutory minimum wages. The workers do not get wages in time.When the government is not provided jobs on demand,workers are entitled for unemployment allowance but they are not getting it.This is a violation of the Act. 

Regarding MGNREGA, this Party Congress expresses its demands-MGNREGA should be allocated sufficient budget, money for schemes should be released to states in times so that workers may be provided jobs on demand.   The government should not belittle the role of Panchayats in the process of formulation of schemes and their implementation.                       

- It should be ensured that MGNREGA wages are equal to the statutory minimum wage in the concerned states.Paying wage less than statutory minimum wages is unconstitutional.                     

- Yearly indexation and increase in MGNREGA should be ensured. 200 days of work in a year and Rs.800/-daily wage should be provided.      

- For proper implementation of MGNREGA, corruption should be strictly prohibited.     

- Enactment of Urban Employment Guarantee Act should be ensured. The 25th Party Congress calls upon its unites to intervene for proper implementation of the provisions of the Act and mobilize the masses for a strong resistance.

6. Resolution on Dalit Atrocities 

The continuation of the practice of untouchability of various forms and the discrimination and violence to which Dalits are subjected in most parts of India is a blot on our society and a total violation of the Constitution of India. What is of great concern is that all these forms of discrimination and violation have been increasing in the last decade since 2014. 

The BJP is a political party controlled by the RSS which has made no secret of its rejection of the Constitution of India and its commitment to Manusmriti as the basis of the legal framework of our country. The Manusmriti is a text devoted to the promotion of birth-based inequality, the Varna Ashram Dharma. It justified caste oppression along with gender oppression and denial of rights to all working people. In the states where there are BJP led NDA government, that is there are double engine governments, such incidents are very high. 

The recent (2020) statistics of the National Crime records Bureau shows` that the country has gradually escalated violence against Dalits. For example, in 2018, the total number of atrocities reported against Dalits was 42747, which then increased to 45876 in 2019, and by 2020, it further rose to 50202. In states such as Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh, there is a systematic escalation of atrocities against Dalits. 

In 2020 alone, a total number of 12714 such cases were reported in Uttar Pradesh related to Dalit atrocities, of which only 3955 people got convicted. In the case of Telangana, 1959 cases were reported in the same year, and of such cases, only 25 persons were convicted. The situation in other states, the figures of atrocities and convictions are as follows: Haryana (1210/12), Jharkhand (666/15), Madhya Pradesh (6899/791), Maharashtra (2569/87), Odisha (2046/5), and Rajasthan (7017/886) as a disproportion exists between the number of reported cases and the number of convicted indulged in violence against Dalits. This lower rate of conviction of persons engaged in atrocities against dalits would create the feeling of impunity in society, which is  way or the other would aid and abet higher caste/class people to go ahead with their caste-oriented discriminatory practices would eventually lead to unleashing brutal violence against the marginalized Dalits. Likewise, a meticulous examination of the statistics published by NCRB also shows that the attacks and atrocities against Dalits continued unabated under the regime of the BJP-led NDA government with the figures being from 38613 in 2015 to 50202 in 2020. These increasing incidents are due to non-implementation of SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act. These increasing incidents are a gross violation of Articles 15 and 17 of the Constitution. Many cases of such incidents are pending in the courts. But the Union Government took note of this even though the members of Parliament asked repeated questions in the Upper House. 

The gruesome attacks on Dalits are difficult to believe. For examplein the year 2022, a nine-year-old Dalit boy died after he was allegedly beaten up by a teacher for drinking water from a pot in a private school in the Jalore district of Rajasthan. A Dalit man was assaulted, urinated and spat on for asking his wages on October 4, 2024 in Bihar, Muzaffarpur district. A man urinated on the face of a dalitlabourer while he was taking an afternoon nap in Lucknow. Rajkumar Rawat was sleeping after his work when the accused, Sanjay Maurya, urinated on his face to wake him up. On April 26,  2023, Pravesh Shukla, representative of BJP -MLA in Sidhi district of Madhya Pradesh, urinated on the face of a tribal youth sitting on the roadside, the video of which also went viral. 

The second week of September this month, a Dalit man was murdered by people of  Brahmin   caste in Hathras district of Uttar Pradesh. 

New reports often come that the Dalit bridegrooms are not allowed to ride a horse. In Karakthal village in Ahmedabad district in Gujarat, a Dalit youth was thrashed for daring to sport a moustache. In Chikkmangaluru in Karnataka, a dalit youngster was tortured and subjected to degrading treatment in police custody. In Madhya Pradesh, the wife of a Dalit labourer, five month pregnant, was raped before her children over her refusal to chop some trees. A white paper should be immediately introduced in Parliament and State Assemblies on the Atrocities against Dalits. 

This Party Congress demand the government take stringent and exemplary action against the accused and take all steps to prevent such incidents in the future. At the same time our organization and other like-minded organizations should unite and come forward to defend the victims of such save crimes and ensure the destruction of the castes system both through their propaganda and actions in the Communities they belong to or work I by reaching out to the victims and encouraging them to join them in defending themselves against such savage practices.